8th Science, 6.1 Composition of matter, Notes.

【❖• ✺ •❖】

वैशिष्ट्य 🎷:- या लेखातील काही शब्द या रंगात आहेत जसे solid, liquid, gas, plasma, Bose Einstein condensate, atom, element, compound, mixture etc या शब्दांना स्पर्श करतात त्या संकल्पना अधिक स्पष्ट होतील.

     •═ ❖• ✺ •❖ ═•

माहिती विज्ञानाची या ग्रुपमध्ये सामील होण्यासाठी खालील 👇 लिंकला 🔗 स्पर्श करा.

माहिती विज्ञानाची 🎷

        ╭✺༺☬༒☬༻✺╮

🎠 What are the various states of matter?

Ans:-

1. Solid, 
2. Liquid, 
3. Gas, 
4. Plasma, and 
5. Bose-Einstein Condensate.
6. quark-gluon plasma, and
7. degenerate matter.

   ┅━━━━━•❀•━━━━━┅

🎿 What is the difference between ice water and steam? 

Ans:

• Ice is in solid state. 
• Water is in liquid state. 
• Steam means water vapour is in to gaseous state.

         ━━═◆❃★❂★❃◆═━━

🏀 What are the smallest particles of matter called? 

Ans.

Atom. 

             ✤⊰❉⊱═⊰❂⊱═⊰❉⊱✤

🏊 What are the types of matter?

Ans.

1. Element
2. compound and 
3. mixture these are the three types of matter.

        

                 ⋐⋑🔸⋐⋑  🔸⋐⋑

🎤 An intermolecular force of attraction acts between the particles (atom or molecules) of matter.

🎯 Solids get properties like definite shape and volume.

🏀 Solids show properties like high density and non-compressibility.

🎹 The strength of intermolecular force is high in the solid state.

🎺 The strength of intermolecular force is moderate in the liquid state.

🎻 liquids have definite volume.

🏈 Liquids show fludity property and their shape is not definite but changes in accordance with the container.

🎡The intermolecular force is very weak in gases.

🚦Gases have neither definite shape nor definite volume.

          ┅━═▣◆★✧★◆▣═━┅

🚧Matter is classified into three types ‘element’, ‘compound’ and ‘mixture’.

🚀The smallest particles of an element contain identical atoms.

🏫The smallest particles (molecules) of a compound are formed by joining two or more types of atoms to each other.

🚯Each molecule of water contain two hydrogen atoms joined to one atom of oxygen. 

⛏The smallest particles of a mixture are atoms/molecules of two or more elements/ compounds. 

⛵The main constituent molecules of the mixture namely, air are N₂ , O₂ , Ar, H₂O, CO_2.

⚡ The mixture (an alloy) brass contain atoms of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn).

⛷  Bronze contain atoms of the elements copper (Cu) and tin (Sn).

🚭Properties of a compound are different than those of the constituent elements.

🚐The proporties of constituent substances are retained in the mixture.

       

            ❀꧁꧂❀

✈Water : 

1. A compound Pure water is a compound formed by chemical combination of the elements hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O). 
2. Whatever may be the source of water, the proportion of its constituent elements oxygen and hydrogen by weight is always 8:1. 
3. Hydrogen is an inflammable gas while oxygen gas supports combustion. However, the compound water formed by chemical combination of the gaseous elements hydrogen and oxygen is a liquid. It is neither inflammable nor does it support combustion. On the contrary it helps to extinguish fire.

┅━━━━━•❀•━━━━━┅

💫  Milk : 

1. A mixture Milk is a mixture of water, lactose, fats, protein and a few more natural substances. 
2. The proportion of various ingredients of milk is different as per its source. 
3. The proportion of fats in cow milk is 3-5 %, while it is 6-9 % in buffalo milk. 
4. The ingredient water is naturally present in large proportion in milk. Therefore milk exists in liquid state. 
5. The sweetness of milk is due to the ingredient called lactose. 
6.  The proporties of the constituent substances are retained in milk.

               ╚══❖°•✺•°❖══╝

°══✺══°

 𝕋𝕙𝕒𝕟𝕜 𝕪𝕠𝕦