CARBON COMPOUND - CHEMICAL REACTIONS 1.1
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Any fuel when burned in air, it combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water, heat and in this process light is produced.
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- Methane gas burned in the air.
CH4 + 2O2 ----- > CO2 + 2H2O + Heat and light
When methane gas is burned in air, it produces carbon dioxide and water, and in this process, heat and light are produced.
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- Ethanol burn in air.
CH3 -CH2 -OH + 3O2 ----- > 2CO2 + 3H2O + Heat and light
When ethanol is burned in air, carbon dioxide and water are produced, in this process heat and light are produced.
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- Propane gas burned in air
C3H8 + 5O2 ----- > 3CO2 + 4H2O + Heat and light
When propane gas is burned in air, carbon dioxide and water are produced, in this process heat and light are produced.
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- Ethanoic acid reacts with the alkaline salt sodium carbonate
2CH3COOH (aq) + Na2CO3 (aq) ----- > CH3COONa (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
Ethanoic acid reacts with the alkaline salt sodium carbonate to produce sodium ethanoate, water, and carbon dioxide gas.
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- Aqueous potassium permanganate added to ethanol.
CH3 -CH2 – OH + KMnO4 ----- > CH3 – C=O - OH
When aqueous potassium permanganate is added to ethanol, the ethanol is oxidized and converted into ethanoic acid.
(On adding the pink coloured solution of potassium permanganate to ethanol, the pink
colour disappears in the beginning. This is because potassium permanganate is used up in
the oxidation reaction. At a certain point of the addition, oxidation of all the quantity of
ethanol in the test tube is complete. If the addition of potassium permangnate is continued
beyond this point, it is not used up and becomes excess. The pink colour of this excess
potassium permangnate does not vanish but stays as it is. )
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- ЁЯФ┤Chlorination of Methane.
saturated hydrocarbons, in presence of sunlight react rapidly with chlorine. In this reaction chlorine atoms replace, one by one, all the hydrogen atoms in the saturated hydrocarbon. The reaction in which the place of one type of atom / group in a reactant is taken by another atom / group of atoms, is called substitution reaction.
The substitution reaction of chlorination of methane yields four products.
chlorine gas reacts with methane in sunlight
CH4 + Cl2----- > CH3-Cl + HCl
when chlorine gas reacts with methane in sunlight Chloromethane is formed.
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- when chloromethane reacts with chlorine in sunlight
CH3Cl + Cl2 ----- > CH2Cl2 + HCl
when chloromethane reacts with chlorine in sunlight Dichloromethane is formed.
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- Dichloromethane reacts with chlorine in sunlight.
CH2Cl2 + Cl2----- > CHCl3 + HCl
when dichloromethane reacts with chlorine in sunlight Trichloromethane is formed.
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- Ttrichloromethane reacts with chlorine gas in sunlight.
CHCl 3 + Cl2 ----- > CCl4 + HCl
when trichloromethane reacts with chlorine gas in sunlight Tetrachloromethane is formed
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- Sodium is dropped in ethanol.
2Na + 2CH3 -CH2 -OH ---- > 2CH3 -CH2 -ONa + H2
Sodium when dropped in ethanol to form sodium ethoxide and hydrogen gas is liberated.
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- Ethanol is heated with an excess amount of concentrated sulphuric acid.
CH3 -CH2 -OH----- > CH2 =CH2 + H2O
Ethanol is heated with an excess amount of concentrated sulphuric acid Van molecule of water is removed from its molecule to form unsaturated compound of ethene.
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ЁЯФ┤Reaction of base with ethanoic acid
- Ethnoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide
CH3-COOH + NaOH ----- > CH3-COONa + H2 O
Ethnoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form salt of sodium acetate.
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- Reaction of sodium carbonate with ethanoic acid
2CH3COOH (aq) + NaCO3 (aq) ----- > CH3COONa (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
Reaction of sodium carbonate with ethanoic acid to form sodium ethanoate and carbon dioxide gases liberated.
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Reaction of sodium bicarbonate with ethanoic acid to form sodium ethanoate and carbon dioxide gases liberated.
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- Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in presence of an acid catalyst and ester,
CH3 -COOH + CH3 -CH2 -OH ----- > CH3 -COO-CH 2 -CH3 + H2O
ethanoate is formed.
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рдПрдХ рд▓рдб़рдХी рдоीрдЯ рдлैрдХ्рдЯ्рд░ी рдоें рдХाрдо рдХрд░рддी рдеी. рдЙрд╕рдХा рдХाрдо рдоांрд╕ рдХो рд╕рд╣ी рдЖрдХाрд░ рдоें рдХाрдЯрдиा рдеा। рдПрдХ рджिрди, рдХाрдо рдЦрдд्рдо рд╣ोрдиे рд╕े рдХुрдЫ рджेрд░ рдкрд╣рд▓े, рд╡рд╣ рдоांрд╕ рднंрдбाрд░рдг рдХрдХ्рд╖ рдоें рджाрдЦिрд▓ рд╣ुрдИ, рдЬो рдоूрд▓ рд░ूрдк рд╕े рдХोрд▓्рдб рд╕्рдЯोрд░ेрдЬ рд╣ै। рдЕрдЪाрдирдХ рджрд░рд╡ाрдЬा рдмाрд╣рд░ рд╕े рдмंрдж рдХрд░ рджिрдпा рдЧрдпा। рдЙрд╕рдиे рдмрд╣ुрдд рдХोрд╢िрд╢ рдХी рд▓ेрдХिрди рджрд░рд╡ाрдЬा рдирд╣ीं рдЦोрд▓ рд╕рдХा। рдмрд╣ुрдд рдЪिрд▓्рд▓ाрдиे рдХा рдХोрдИ рдлाрдпрджा рдирд╣ीं рд╣ुрдЖ, рдХ्рдпोंрдХि рддрдм рддрдХ рдмाрдХी рд╕рднी рдордЬрджूрд░ рдЕрдкрдиा рдХाрдо рдЦрдд्рдо рдХрд░рдХे рдЬा рдЪुрдХे рдеे।
рдзीрд░े-рдзीрд░े рд╡рд╣ рдаंрдб рдоें рдЬрдордиे рд▓рдЧी। рдоृрдд्рдпु рдЖрд╕рди्рди рд╣ै। рд╡рд╣ рд░ो рд░рд╣ी рд╣ै рд▓ेрдХिрди рдЙрд╕рдХे рдмрдЪрдиे рдХी рдХोрдИ рд╕ंрднाрд╡рдиा рдирд╣ीं рд╣ै। рдЕрдЪाрдирдХ рдмिрд▓्рдХुрд▓ рдЕрдк्рд░рдд्рдпाрд╢िрдд рд░ूрдк рд╕े рдПрдХ рд╕ुрд░рдХ्рд╖ा рдЧाрд░्рдб рдЖрдпा рдФрд░ рджрд░рд╡ाрдЬ़ा рдЦोрд▓рдХрд░ рдЙрд╕े рдоुрдХ्рдд рдХрд░ рджिрдпा।рдлिрд░ рд▓рдб़рдХी рдиे рдЙрд╕рд╕े рдкूрдЫा,рдЖрдкрдХो рдпрд╣ां рдирд╣ीं рдЖрдиा рдЪाрд╣िрдП। рдЖрдк рдпрд╣ां рдХ्рдпूं рдЖрдП рдеे?
рдЧाрд░्рдб рдиे рдЙрдд्рддрд░ рджिрдпा, рдоैं рд▓рдЧрднрдЧ 35 рд╡рд░्рд╖ों рд╕े рдпрд╣ां рд╕ुрд░рдХ्рд╖ा рдЧाрд░्рдб рдХे рд░ूрдк рдоें рдХाрдо рдХрд░ рд░рд╣ा рд╣ूं। рд▓ेрдХिрди рдоैंрдиे рдРрд╕े рдмрд╣ुрдд рдХрдо рд▓ोрдЧों рдХो рджेрдЦा рд╣ै рдЬो рд░ोрдЬ рд╕ुрдмрд╣ рдЖрдХрд░ рдоुрдЭे рдЧुрдб рдоॉрд░्рдиिंрдЧ рдХрд╣рддे рд╣ैं рдФрд░ рд╢ाрдо рдХो рдЧुрдб рдЗрд╡рдиिंрдЧ рдХрд╣рдХрд░ рдЪрд▓े рдЬाрддे рд╣ैं।
рдЕрдзिрдХांрд╢ рд▓ोрдЧों рдиे рдРрд╕ा рд╡्рдпрд╡рд╣ाрд░ рдХिрдпा рдЬैрд╕े рдЙрди्рд╣ोंрдиे рдоुрдЭे рджेрдЦा рд╣ी рдирд╣ीं। рд▓ेрдХिрди рдЖрдк рд╣ी рд╡ो рд╢рдЦ्рд╕ рдеे рдЬो рд╣рд░ рджिрди рдоुрдЭे рдПрдХ рдк्рдпाрд░ी рд╕ी рдоुрд╕्рдХाрди рдХे рд╕ाрде рджेрдЦрдиा рдЪाрд╣рддे рдеे। рдЖрдЬ рд╕ुрдмрд╣ рднी рдХिрдпा।
рд▓ेрдХिрди рд╢ाрдо рдХो рдоैंрдиे рддुрдо्рд╣ाрд░े рдоुंрд╣ рд╕े рдЧुрдб рдЗрд╡рдиिंрдЧ рд╢рдм्рдж рдирд╣ीं рд╕ुрдиा, рдЗрд╕рдХा рдорддрд▓рдм рд╣ै рдХि рддुрдо рдЕрднी рдмाрд╣рд░ рдирд╣ीं рдЖрдИ рд╣ो। рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рд▓िрдП рдоैंрдиे рддुрдо्рд╣ें рдвूंрдврдиा рд╢ुрд░ू рдХрд░ рджिрдпा।
рд╣рдоाрд░ा рдЬीрд╡рди рдмрд╣ुрдд рдЫोрдЯा рд╣ै। рдЗрд╕рд▓िрдП рд╕рднी рджूрд╕рд░ों рдХे рд╕ाрде рдЕрдЪ्рдЫे рд╕े рд╡्рдпрд╡рд╣ाрд░ рдХрд░рдиे рдХा рдк्рд░рдпाрд╕ рдХрд░ें।
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