Chemical reactions part 1.1

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If you want to learn a chemical reaction, preliminary preparation is very important.

First, we need to understand the elements, the symbol  of the elements, the atomic number of the elements, the electron configuration of the elements, the valency of the elements and lastly radical (state board 9th science and technology page number 56) of the element.

Courtesy State board 9th science.

We must be able to construct molecular formulas using radical. Along with this it is necessary to understand the different type of chemical reaction such as 

1. combination reaction, 
2. decomposition reaction,
3.  displacement reaction,
4.  double displacement reaction, 
5. exothermic reaction and 
6. endothermic reaction. 

Some rules for writing chemical equations. 

1. Always write reactants to the left side and product to the right side.
2. Arrow pointing from reactants to products.
3. Write Plus sign + between two or more reactants and two or more products.
4. Write down the physical state of reactant and products. 
5. The number of atoms in the reactants and products must be the same.

Chemical reactions are easy by only through practice.

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1. Zinc dust is added in aqueous solution of copper sulphate 

CuSO_{4 (aq)} + Zn (S)  ------>   ZnSO₄ (aq) + Cu (s)

Zinc dust is added in aqueous solution of copper sulphate  to form colourless zinc sulphate and copper is displaced.  

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• Calcium carbonate is heated  

                 CaCO₃ (s)   -------->  CaO (s) + CO₂ (g)

When calcium carbonate is heated up to 1000 °C  to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas.

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• Hydrogen gas is passed through vegetable oil.

Vegetable oil   (l) + H₂  (g) ------>  Vanspati ghee (s)

Hydrogen gas is passed through vegetable oil in presence of nickel catalyst at 60 °C vanspati ghee is formed.

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• Copper is reacted with concentrated nitric acid. 

   

 Cu(s) + 4 HNO₃ (aq)  ------> Cu(NO₃)₂ (aq)  +  2 NO₂ (g) + 2H₂O(l)

Copper is reacted with concentrated nitric acid to form copper nitrate and reddish-brown colour nitrogen dioxide gas is released.

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• Copper is reacted with dilute nitric acid

 3Cu(s) + 8HNO₃ (aq)  ------>  3Cu(NO₃)₂ (aq)  + 2NO(g) +  4H₂O (l)

Copper is reacted with dilute nitric acid to form copper nitrate and nitric oxide gas is released.

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• Aqueous solution of sodium chloride reacts with aqueous solution of silver nitrate. 

AgNO₃ (aq)+ NaCl(aq) -----> AgCl + NaNO₃ (aq)

The aqueous solution of sodium chloride reacts with the aqueous solution of silver nitrate to form sodium sulphate.

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• Sodium hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid 

2 NaOH + H₂SO₄ --à Na₂SO ₄ + 2 H₂O

Sodium hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid  to form sodium sulphate.

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• Nitrogen gas reacts with hydrogen gas.

N₂ (g) + H₂ (g ) --à NH₃ (g)

Nitrogen gas reacts with hydrogen gas to form ammonia gas.

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• Sulphur dioxide gas reacts with hydrogen sulphide gas to form sulphur  

SO₂ + 2H₂S ---à 3S + 2H₂O 

Sulphur dioxide gas reacts with hydrogen sulphide gas to form sulphur and water.

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• Silver react with hydrochloric acid.

2Ag + 2HCl ----- > 2AgCl + H₂

Silver react with hydrochloric acid to form silver chloride and hydrogen gas is liberated. 

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• A glass rod which is dipped in hydrochloric acid when held on ammonia 

NH₃ (g)+ HCl (g) ----- > NH₄ Cl(s).

A glass rod which is dipped in hydrochloric acid when held on ammonia to form white coloured ammonium chloride.

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• water is added in calcium oxide

CaO + H₂O -----> Ca(OH)₂ + Heat

When water is added in calcium oxide to form calcium hydroxide and in this process heat is liberated.  

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• Magnesium ribbon burn in air .

2Mg + O₂  ---- > 2 MgO

Magnesium ribbon burn in air to form white powder of magnesium oxide. 

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• When sugar is heated 

C₁₂ H₂₂O_{11   ------ >} 12 C + 11H ₂ O

sugar                        carbon 

 When sugar is heated black colour carbon remains and water vapors are liberated. 

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• Hydrogen peroxide exposed to air.

2H₂O₂ (l) ------ >  2H₂O(l) + O₂

Hydrogen peroxide exposed to air to form water and in this process Oxygen gas is liberated.  

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• Electrolysis of water was performed. 

2H₂O(l)  ----- > 2H₂ + O₂ 

Electrolysis of water was performed then hydrogen and oxygen gas liberates.

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Reactions part 1.2, 🎷

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जबाबदारी नावाची शाळा एकदा समजायला लागली की मग कितीही थंडी असु द्या माणसाला पहाटेच जाग येते , कारण कोणत्या वयात शिकायचे आणि कोणत्या वयात कमवायचे हे वय नाही तर परिस्थितीच माणसाला शिकवत असते.