рдоुрдЦ्рдп рд╕ाрдордЧ्рд░ीрд╡рд░ рд╡рдЧрд│ा

рдкोрд╕्рдЯ्рд╕

рдЯॅрдм्рд▓ेрдЯ рдЖрдгि рдХॅрдк्рд╕ूрд▓ рдпाрдд рдлрд░рдХ .

 рдЯॅрдм्рд▓ेрдЯ рдЖрдгि рдХॅрдк्рд╕ूрд▓ ЁЯТК рдпाрдд рдлрд░рдХ .  рдЯॅрдм्рд▓ेрдЯ рдЖрдгि рдХॅрдк्рд╕ूрд▓ рдЕрд╢ी рд░рдЪрдиा рдХा рдХेрд▓ी?  рдЗंрдЬेрдХ्рд╢рди  ЁЯТЙ рдиे рдФрд╖рдз  рджेрдгे рдпाрдд рдХाрдп рдлाрдпрджा/ рддोрдЯा.  ЁЯПе рдЯॅрдм्рд▓ेрдЯ (Tablet), рдХॅрдк्рд╕ूрд▓ (Capsule) рдЖрдгि рдЗंрдЬेрдХ्рд╢рди (Injection) рдпा рдФрд╖рдз рджेрдг्рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рд╡ेрдЧрд╡ेрдЧрд│्рдпा рдкрдж्рдзрддी рдЖрд╣ेрдд. рдк्рд░рдд्рдпेрдХाрдЪी рд░рдЪрдиा, рдХाрд░्рдп рдХрд░рдг्рдпाрдЪी рдкрдж्рдзрдд рдЖрдгि рдлाрдпрджे-рддोрдЯे рд╡ेрдЧрд╡ेрдЧрд│े рдЕрд╕рддाрдд. рез. рдЯॅрдм्рд▓ेрдЯ рдЖрдгि рдХॅрдк्рд╕ूрд▓рдордзीрд▓ рдлрд░рдХ рд╡ैрд╢िрд╖्рдЯ्рдп рдЯॅрдм्рд▓ेрдЯ (Tablet) : рд░рдЪрдиा :рдФрд╖рдзाрдЪी рдкाрд╡рдбрд░ рдПрдХрдд्рд░ рджाрдмूрди (Compress рдХрд░ूрди) рдШрдЯ्рдЯ рдмрдирд╡рд▓ेрд▓ी рдЧोрд│ी.  рдЪрд╡ рд╡ рд╡ाрд╕: рдФрд╖рдзाрдЪी рдЪрд╡ рдХрдбू рдЕрд╕ू рд╢рдХрддे рдЖрдгि рд╡ाрд╕рд╣ी рдпेрдК рд╢рдХрддो.  рдоोрдбрдгे / рдХाрдкрдгे: рдЧрд░рдЬ рдкрдбрд▓्рдпाрд╕ рд╣ी рдЧोрд│ी рдЕрд░्рдзी рддोрдбूрди рдШेрддा рдпेрддे. рдкрдЪрдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЧрддी: рдкोрдЯाрдд рд╡िрд░рдШрд│ाрдпрд▓ा рдЖрдгि рд╢ोрд╖рд▓े рдЬाрдпрд▓ा рдеोрдбा рдЬाрд╕्рдд рд╡ेрд│ рд▓ाрдЧрддो.   рдЯिрдХाрдКрдкрдгा: рдЬाрд╕्рдд рдХाрд│ рдЯिрдХрддे (Shelf-life рдЬाрд╕्рдд рдЕрд╕рддे). рдХॅрдк्рд╕ूрд▓ (Capsule):   рдмाрд╣ेрд░ूрди рдЬिрд▓ेрдЯिрди рдХिंрд╡ा рд╢िрдЬрд╡рд▓ेрд▓्рдпा рд╕्рдЯाрд░्рдЪрдЪे рдЖрд╡рд░рдг рдЖрдгि рдЖрдд рдкाрд╡рдбрд░ рдХिंрд╡ा рдж्рд░рд╡ рдФрд╖рдз. рдЪрд╡ рд╡ рд╡ाрд╕: рдЖрд╡рд░рдгाрдоुрд│े рдФрд╖рдзाрдЪी рдХрдбू рдЪрд╡ рдХिंрд╡ा рд╡ाрд╕ рдЬाрдгрд╡рдд рдиाрд╣ी. рдоोрдбрдгे / рдХाрдкрдгे:   рд╣ी рддोрдбрддा рдпेрдд рдиाрд╣ी, рдЕрдЦंрдбрдЪ рдЧिрд│ाрд╡ी рд▓ाрдЧрддे.   рдкрдЪрдг्рдпाрдЪी рдЧрддी:   рдкोрдЯाрдд рдЖрд╡рд░рдг рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ рд╡िрд░рдШрд│рддे, рдд्рдпाрдоुрд│े рдФрд╖рдз рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ рд╢...

9th Sci. Work, Energy, and Power—Notes

9th Sci. Work, Energy, and Power—Note ЁЯФ┤┈┉❀ЁЯП╡||ЁЯП╡❀┉┈ЁЯФ┤ ┈┉━ *❍❀❍* ━┉┈ ✍ЁЯП╗... рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрди рд╡िрд╖рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрд╣िрддीрд╕ाрдаी рдЦाрд▓ीрд▓⬇️ рд▓िंрдХрд▓ाЁЯЦЗ️ рд╕्рдкрд░्рд╢ рдХрд░ा.    ЁЯСЙ   рдоाрд╣िрддी рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрдиाрдЪी ЁЯО╖ ➖♾️⭕ЁЯФШ⭕♾️➖ ЁЯФ┤┈┉❀ЁЯП╡||ЁЯП╡❀┉┈ЁЯФ┤ 1. Work Definition : Work is done when a force applied on an object causes displacement in the direction of the force. Formula: W = F. s  or  W = F s cos ╬╕  when force is at an angle  ╬╕  to displacement. Units : SI unit: Joule (J) 1 J = 1 N . 1 m CGS unit: Erg  1 erg = 1 dyne. 1 cm Relation:  1 J =  10 7   ergs ●┈┉꧁●꧂┉┈● ЁЯзС‍ЁЯФз Types of Work: ➕ Positive Work (╬╕ = 0°): Force and displacement are in the same direction. ➖ Negative Work ( ╬╕  = 180°): Force and displacement are in opposite directions (e.g., work done against gravity or friction). ЁЯЕ╛️ Zero Work ( ╬╕  = 90° or s = 0): Force is perpendicular to displacement, or no motion occurs (e.g., circular orbit of a satellite). ┅━═▣◆ ★✧★ ◆▣═━┅ 2. ЁЯТк Energy Definition : The capaci...

8th Sci. Chapter 3: Force and Pressure- NotesЁЯО╖

8th Sci. Chapter 3: Force and Pressure—Notes   ━═━═━═══━═━═━* ✺༺☬༒☬༻✺ ✍ЁЯП╗... рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрди рд╡िрд╖рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрд╣िрддीрд╕ाрдаी рдЦाрд▓ीрд▓⬇️ рд▓िंрдХрд▓ाЁЯЦЗ️ рд╕्рдкрд░्рд╢ рдХрд░ा.                   ЁЯСЙ.    рдоाрд╣िрддी рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрдиाрдЪी ЁЯО╖ ЁЯФ┤┈┉❀ЁЯП╡||ЁЯП╡❀┉┈ЁЯФ┤ ❶ . Types of Forces ЁЯСК Contact Force : A force applied through direct contact between two bodies or via an intermediate object. Examples: Muscular force (pushing, pulling, lifting) and frictional force (slows down moving objects). ЁЯСРNon-Contact Force : A force applied between two objects even when they are not in physical contact. Examples: Magnetic force, gravitational force, and electrostatic force. ꧁●○≛⃝ ≛⃝ ЁЯМН○●꧂ ❷ . Balanced and Unbalanced Forces Balanced Forces: Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions. The effective net force is zero, resulting in no change in motion. Unbalanced Forces : Unequal forces acting on an object. They cause a stationary object to move or change its speed and direction. ⛓️‍ЁЯТе Rules of N...

9th Sci. Chapter 1: Laws of Motion, Notes -2.

9th Sci. Chapter 1: Laws of Motion, Notes -2. ➖♾️⭕ЁЯФШ⭕♾️➖ ✺༺☬༒☬༻✺ ✍ЁЯП╗... рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрди рд╡िрд╖рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрд╣िрддीрд╕ाрдаी рдЦाрд▓ीрд▓⬇️ рд▓िंрдХрд▓ाЁЯЦЗ️ рд╕्рдкрд░्рд╢ рдХрд░ा. ЁЯСЙЁЯЦК️.        рдоाрд╣िрддी рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрдиाрдЪी ЁЯО╖    ☬✧°══✺══°✧☬ 1. Basic Concepts of Motion Distance : Length of the actual path traversed by an object in motion. (Scalar quantity) Displacement : Minimum distance from the starting point to the final point. (Vector quantity) Speed:  Speed = Distance / Time Scalar quantity, SI unit: m/s Velocity: Velocity = Displacement / Time Vector quantity, SI unit: m/s Acceleration : Rate of change of velocity. a = v - u / t SI Unit: m/s² ❀꧁✧꧂❀ 2. Newton’s Laws of Motion: ЁЯеЗFirst Law (Law of Inertia): An object continues to remain at rest or in a state of uniform motion along a straight line unless an external unbalanced force acts on it. ЁЯеИ Second Law : The rate of change of momentum is proportional to the applied force, and the change of momentum occurs in the direction of the force. Formula: ...

9th Sci. Chapter 1: Laws of Motion, Notes 1.

Chapter 1: Laws of Motion, Notes ЁЯФ┤┈┉❀ЁЯП╡||ЁЯП╡❀┉┈ЁЯФ┤ ➖♾️⭕ЁЯФШ⭕♾️➖ ✍ЁЯП╗... рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрди рд╡िрд╖рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрд╣िрддीрд╕ाрдаी рдЦाрд▓ीрд▓⬇️ рд▓िंрдХрд▓ाЁЯЦЗ️ рд╕्рдкрд░्рд╢ рдХрд░ा.ЁЯО╕ ЁЯСЙЁЯЦК️   рдоाрд╣िрддी рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрдиाрдЪी ЁЯО╖ ━━═◆❃★❂ ★❃◆═━━ 1. Motion & Relative Motion Definition of motion :  An object is said to be in motion if its position changes with respect to its surroundings; otherwise, it is at rest. Motion is a relative concept.  Ex: Flight of a bird and leaves flying through air represent motion, while a stationary train or a stone on a hill represents rest. ┅━═▣◆★✧★◆▣═━┅ 2. Difference—Distance and Displacement Many times distance is more than displacement. Many times displacement is less than distance. ✺༺☬༒☬༻✺ Scalar vs. Vector: Scalar Quantity: Has magnitude only (e.g., distance, speed, time). Vector Quantity: Has both magnitude and direction (e.g., displacement, velocity, acceleration). ЁЯФ┤┈┉❀ЁЯП╡||ЁЯП╡❀┉┈ЁЯФ┤ 3. Speed and Velocity Formulas: Units: SI System: m/ CGS System: cm/s ☬ ✧°══✺══°✧ ☬ Effect of Speed and Direct...

8th Sci.ЁЯУШ Chapter 2: Health and Diseases (Notes-2)

8th Sci. ЁЯУШ Chapter 2: Health and Diseases (Notes-2) ● ~~•❅• ЁЯлР •❅•~~ ● ●~~•❅••❅•~~● ▬▬▬▬роЬ۩۞۩роЬ▬▬▬ ✍ЁЯП╗.. рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрди рд╡िрд╖рдпाрдЪ्рдпा рдоाрд╣िрддीрд╕ाрдаी рдЦाрд▓ीрд▓⬇️ рд▓िंрдХрд▓ाЁЯЦЗ️ рд╕्рдкрд░्рд╢ рдХрд░ा.ЁЯО╕            ЁЯСЙ ЁЯЦК️.   рдоाрд╣िрддी рд╡िрдЬ्рдЮाрдиाрдЪी ЁЯО╖ ━━═◆❃★❂ ★❃◆═━━ 1. Non-Infectious Diseases Diseases that do not occur through infections and body contacts are called non-infectious diseases. These arise inside the human body due to specific reasons. ЁЯФЕ~~●●○○ ЁЯлР○○●●~~ ЁЯФЕ A. Cancer Definition : Uncontrolled and abnormal cell growth. Malignant Tumor : A group or lump of cancerous cells. Affected Organs : Lungs, mouth, tongue, stomach, breast, uterus, skin, and blood tissues. Reasons / Causes: Consumption of tobacco, gutkha, smoking, and alcoholism. Lack of fiber content (fruits and leafy vegetables) in food. Excessive consumption of junk food (pizza, burgers , etc.). Heredity. Symptoms: Chronic cough, hoarse voice, difficulty in swallowing. Incurable scar and inflammation. Lumps in breast. Unexp...

рдкाрдо рддेрд▓ рдПрдХ рд╕рдд्рдп ЁЯО╖

  рдкाрдо рддेрд▓ рдПрдХ рд╕рдд्рдп ЁЯО╖ рдкाрдоृ рд╡ृрдХ्рд╖ांрдЪी рдлрд│े рдкाрдо рддेрд▓ (Palm Oil) рд╣े рдСрдИрд▓ рдкाрдо (Elaeis guineensis) рдпा рдЭाрдбाрдЪ्рдпा рдлрд│ांрдкाрд╕ूрди рдмрдирд╡рд▓े рдЬाрддे. рдпा рдлрд│ांрдкाрд╕ूрди рджोрди рд╡ेрдЧрд│्рдпा рдк्рд░рдХाрд░рдЪे рддेрд▓ рдоिрд│рддे: ЁЯСЙ рдХ्рд░ूрдб рдкाрдо рдСрдИрд▓ (Crude Palm Oil): рдлрд│ाрдЪ्рдпा рдмाрд╣ेрд░ीрд▓ рд▓ाрд▓рд╕рд░ рдЧрд░ाрдкाрд╕ूрди (Mesocarp) рдХाрдврд▓े рдЬाрдгाрд░े рддेрд▓. ЁЯСП рдкाрдо рдХрд░्рдиेрд▓ рдСрдИрд▓ (Palm Kernel Oil): рдлрд│ाрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрддीрд▓ рдХрдбрдХ рдмीрдкाрд╕ूрди (Kernel) рдХाрдврд▓े рдЬाрдгाрд░े рддेрд▓. ЁЯСМрдкाрдо рддेрд▓ рдиिрд░्рдоिрддीрдЪी рдЯрдк्рдк्рдпाрдЯрдк्рдк्рдпाрдиे рдк्рд░рдХ्рд░िрдпा рез. рдХाрдкрдгी рдЖрдгि рд╕ंрдХрд▓рди Fresh Fruit Bunches Harvesting рдкाрдордЪ्рдпा рдЭाрдбाрд╡рд░ूрди рд▓ाрд▓-рдкिрд╡рд│्рдпा рд░ंрдЧाрдЪी рдкрдХ्рд╡ рдлрд│ांрдЪी рдШрдбं (Bunches) рддोрдбрд▓ी рдЬाрддाрдд рдЖрдгि рддी рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ाрдд рд▓рд╡рдХрд░ (реирек рддाрд╕ांрдЪ्рдпा рдЖрдд) рдк्рд░ोрд╕ेрд╕िंрдЧ рдоिрд▓рдордз्рдпे рдкाрдард╡рд▓ी рдЬाрддाрдд. реи. рд╕्рдЯेрд░िрд▓ाрдпрдЭेрд╢рди (рд╡ाрдлрд╡рдгे) Sterilization Process рдлрд│ांрдЪे рдШрдб рдоोрда्рдпा рд╕्рдЯीрдо рд╡ेрд╕рд▓्рд╕рдордз्рдпे рдЙрдЪ्рдЪ рджाрдмाрдЪ्рдпा рд╡ाрдлेрдиे (Steam) рдЧрд░рдо рдХेрд▓े рдЬाрддाрдд. рдпाрдоुрд│े: рей. рдлрд│े рд╡ेрдЧрд│ी рдХрд░рдгे Threshing 'рде्рд░ेрд╢рд░' рдиाрд╡ाрдЪ्рдпा рдлिрд░рдгाрд▒्рдпा рдорд╢ीрдирдЪ्рдпा рд╕ाрд╣ाрдп्рдпाрдиे рд╡ाрдлрд╡рд▓ेрд▓्рдпा рдШрдбांрдордзूрди рдлрд│े рд╡ेрдЧрд│ी рдХेрд▓ी рдЬाрддाрдд. рд░िрдХाрдоे рдШрдб рдЦрдд рдХिंрд╡ा рдЗंрдзрдиाрд╕ाрдаी рд╡ाрдкрд░рд▓े рдЬाрддाрдд. рек. рдХ्рд░рд╢िंрдЧ рдЖрдгि рдк्рд░ेрд╕िंрдЧ Digestion & Screw Pressing рд╡ेрдЧрд│ी рдЭाрд▓ेрд▓ी рдлрд│े 'рдбाрдпрдЬेрд╕्рдЯрд░'рдордз्рдпे рдЧ...